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As the start of the new year brought an official end to Brexit, we acknowledge that, from an investing standpoint, Brexit was never a reason to be overly fearful in our view. But, there are some medium-term risk factors to consider as we move forward.
First: Productivity. In our view, the new trading regime for Britain must contend with the United Kingdom’s poor manufacturing track record as compared to the whole of Europe. The COVID crisis does obscure some of the data, and we believe revisions are likely to be large, but the UK has lagged Europe for some time and is still behind.
Figure 1. Manufacturing Productivity from 2012
A look at productivity in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom by quarter
Source: Haver Analytics data, 4/1/2011 through 4/1/2020, indexed to 1 in 2012. Manufacturing productivity is seasonally adjusted real gross value-added for industry divided by seasonally adjusted employment in industry. For illustrative purposes only.
Next: Scotland. Although the UK government will try to hold back another referendum for decades (until the 2050s), the Scottish parliament will try for another vote on independence. In our view, this entails some thorny politics for the EU: We believe it must embrace Scotland while also being cognizant of existing European independence movements. Among them: Catalonia, who will be closely watching how the EU treats Scotland.
Third: Services. The trade agreement largely threw financial and consulting services under the bus, which we believe will likely diminish the UK’s role as a financial center over time and boost financial centers within the EU. At the same time, we saw some important agreements on digital services, which may be a strength for the UK going forward.
Finally, we look to Northern Ireland. Both sides worked to effectively keep the peace. While all of Ireland will remain in the EU customs regime and there will be no border, the UK will collect customs on behalf of the EU via checkpoints on the Irish Sea.
So do we think Britain can now more fully embrace the Fourth Industrial Revolution? We believe what will be key – and is easier said than done – is deftly marshalling its research universities and public-private partnerships to take the next step and invest in future industries.